So I made a stupid Ithkuilike inspired by Lojban. Why I did such a masochistic thing I have no clue. But I was hoping a few of you could take a look.
Root lexicon and Bee Movie Copypasta sections are very much WIP. Expect a lot more roots in the future.
Sorry, my school blocked sharing. I'll just copy the documents here.
Phonetics
Plosives
p | b
t | d
tn /t̠/ | dn /d̠/
k, kh /kʰ/ | g, gh /gʰ/
Nasals
m | mh /m̥/
n | nh /n̥/
q /ŋ/ | qh /ŋ̥/
Fricatives
f /ɸ/ | v /β/
s | z
sg /ʃ/, sk /t͡ʃʰ/ | zg /ʒ/, zk /d͡ʒʰ/
-mh, nh, qh, tn, dn, kh and gh cannot be followed by s or z and revert to their base form if before one.
-Additionally, voiceless consonants before Z or ZG become voiced and voiced consonants before S or SG become voiceless. In both cases, the consonant becomes longer than the original sound.
-No pairs of plosives or nasals together! Fricatives are accepted though. So no bd, md, nq, etc. If such an instance occurs by accident, an /ɚ/ is inserted between them. This also occurs wherever two of the same consonant show up back-to-back (including fricatives). This is shown in romanization as ‘.
-For pairs such as s + k the romanization will put a - between them.
Vowels:
u ɑ ɪ i ə ɚ
ɪ and ə are variants of i and ɚ before f or v
u, ɑ, i and ɚ are romanized u, a, i and e.
No digraphs. If a digraph occurs, enforce a glottal stop. Romanized as |.
Grammar
VSO (but you don’t get to see it much due to the outer relations system)
Station-based like Ithkuil, but a bit easier.
Stations
I: Case Marker
II: Tense Marker
III: Main Root
IV: Relation (Inner)
V: Incorporated Root
VI: Relation (Outer)
VII: Plurality and Negation
VIII: Form
I: Case Marker
There are 32 cases made from the intersection of Existence, Emphasis and Reliability.
Existence has two states: OBJective and RePResentative.
OBJective: For nouns, the noun actually exists in real life. For verbs, it means that the action was actually performed.
RePResentative: For nouns, it means that it is a metaphor, idiom or code for something else. For verbs, it means that the action wasn’t actually performed but it’s an idiom or representation of a different, similar action.
Emphasis has four states:
SUbJective: Emphasis is placed on the subject or actor. For nouns, the emphasis is on what it is doing.
PeRFomative: Emphasis is placed on the action itself. For nouns, the emphasis is on any qualities baked in using the Incorporated Root.
ReSulTative: Emphasis is placed on the result of the action. For nouns, the emphasis is on what is coming next. For example, the Resultative of a word that when neutral would be translated “baby” would be something like “growing baby”, with emphasis on what the baby is becoming (a child).
NeuTRal: Emphasis is even, taking into consideration all aspects of the word.
Reliability has 4 base forms:
RePorTative: The speaker can confirm this from his own experience.
FaCTual: The speaker does not need to confirm this, as it is considered obvious. All nouns are in the FaCtual reliability.
OPiNional: The speaker does not need to confirm this, as it is his own opinion.
DeDuCtative: The speaker does not directly know this, but he has deduced it with logic.
In addition to these forms, there are chaining modifiers for Reliability:
TRuSting /-azg/: The speaker trusts person A who told him the info, using the tense the modifier is put onto. For example, if person A used the RePorTative case, saying that they saw it themselves, the speaker would use the RePorTative-TRuSting case, or just RPT-TRS.
SuSPicious /-em/ : The speaker trusts person A who told him the info, using the tense the modifier is put onto. For example, if an untrustworthy person told you that he has an opinion about something, you would tell someone else about it using the OPiNional-SuSPicious case, or just OPN-SSP.
Modifiers can be stacked on other modifiers:
RPT: I saw the event.
RPT-TRS: My trustworthy friend saw the event.
RPT-TRS-SSP: My trustworthy friend said that a suspicious informant saw the event.
RPT-SSP-TRS: A suspicious person said that his trustworthy friend saw the event.
RPT-TRS-TRS-TRS-TRS-TRS-TRS-TRS (an intentionally extreme example): My trusted friend said that his trusted friend said that his trusted friend said that his trusted friend said that his trusted friend said that his trusted friend said that his trusted friend saw the event.
| OBJective | RePResentative | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SuBJective | PeRFormative | ReSulTative | NeuTRal | SuBJective | PeRFormative | ReSulTative | NeuTRal | |
| RePorTative | khiveq | khivoq | khifas | khiv | kuveq | khuvoq | khufas | khuv |
| FaCTual | iveq | ivoq | ifas | iv / – | uveq | uvoq | ufas | uv |
| OPiNional | ghiveq | ghivoq | ghifas | ghiv | ghuveq | ghuvoq | ghufas | ghuv |
| DeDuCtive | tiveq | tivoq | tifas | tiv | tuveq | tuvoq | tufas | tuv |
II: Tense Marker
This is much simpler than Case, only including seven tenses:
COntinuous: The action or noun is still underway/existent, has been since some indeterminate point in history, and will continue to be until some other indeterminate point. Marked by having no prefix.
FInal: The action or noun is underway/existent, has been since some indeterminate point in history, but at the current moment it is ending. Marked by the prefix /zuq-/.
MOmentous: The action or noun is only underway/existent at this very moment. MOmentous is the main tense of most verbs. Marked by the prefix /seq-/
INcitive: The action or noun only just began. INcitive would be used to refer to a baby that was just born, but otherwise doesn’t have a lot of uses in nouns. Marked by the prefix /ziq-/
ANticipative: At some point in the future the action will be taken or the noun will be created, but not yet. Discussing a plan would require the ANticipative tense.
Marked by the prefix /sgi-/.
HIstorical: The action was taken in the past, and the noun used to exist, but it stopped far before the current period. Marked by the prefix /zgu-/.
Indeterminate: The timeframe for the action or the object’s existence is not known. Marked by the prefix /zke-/.
III: Main Root
A cluster of up to two consonants that marks the main form of the word.
IV: Relation (Inner)
An optional single vowel that codes the relationship between the main and incorporated roots. Unnecessary if there is no incorporated root.
POSsesion /u/: The incorporated root belongs to the main root. Use cases include: “My wallet”, “Your name”, “The man’s mind”. This can be stacked, e.g.: “The opinion of the man of the hallway”
SIMilarity /a/: The main root is described as being similar to the incorporated root. Use cases include: “The rat-like dog”, “A red cat (a blood-like cat)”.
PRoCession /e/: The main root used to be the incorporated root. Use cases include: “A nun that used to be a nanny”, “Those that used to be a baby”.
V: Incorporated Root
The incorporated root for Station III. Unnecessary if there is no Station III.
VI: Relation (Outer)
In addition to the inner relations, there is one special outer relation EQUal /i/. Equal is basically an English “is” between this word and the next word. If the only outer relation was described by the last word, i.e. if this word ends the sentence, this slot is empty.
VII: Plurality and Negation
A single consonant or syllable that provides Plurality and Negation.
Negation has four possibilities:
I-O: No negation.
NI-O: The inner relation is negated, but not the outer.
I-NO: The outer relation is negated, but not the inner.
NI-NO: Both relations are negated.
If one of the relations is missing, choose the non-negated one.
Plurality has five forms:
UniPleX: One single object.
PLuRal: Multiple objects.
AGGregative: Multiple objects treated as one object.
DiSSective: One single object treated as multiple objects.
INNumerable: Unknown quantity of objects. Includes when you know that there are more than one, but not how many exactly.
| UPX | PLR | AGG | DSS | INN | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-O | –– | n | m | q | g |
| NI-O | fi | ni | mi | qi | gi |
| I-NO | fe | ne | me | qe | ge |
| NI-NO | fiv | niv | miv | qiv | giv |
VIII: Form
Determines whether the word is a verb, noun or adjective/preposition.
Verbs have /-fetn/, nouns have /-fitn/ and adjective/prepositions have /-viq/.